Ngā Tuāhine Nēhi o Ngāpuhi

[Tapanga: Cowdell. (1901) Ngā tuāhine nēhi o Ngāpuhi. Whangarei. Te Whare Taonga Maumaharatanga Pakanga o Tāmaki Makaurau - Tāmaki Paenga Hira neg. C42329. (Ahakoa kāore he manatārua e mōhiotia ana mō tēnei mahi, e tono ana mātou kia whakarangatiratia e koutou. Tēnā koa ka whakapā mai ki a mātou mō the whakaaetanga ki the tārua i tēnei mātātuhi.]

He tino whakaahua autaia tēnei mātātuhi rerekē e wero ana i ngā tirohanga ki ngā wāhine i te huringa o tērā rau tau. Tokorima ngā wāhine rerekē ngā tau e whakaatuhia mai ana i roto i ngā kākahu hōia, pakihere atu, ngā pōtae hōia e tāraro ana ki te raukura. He wheriko noa iho ngā kōrero mō rātou, engari ki te titiro ki te mātātuhi ka kitea tonutia he wāhine aumangea, i wero i ngā tūranga tāne, wāhine hoki me ngā here i runga i a rātou i ērā rā. E whakaingoa ana i a rātou anō ko Ngā Nēhi Tuāhine Atawhai o Ngāpuhi, ka tahuri ngā wāhine nei ki te whakatikatika i a rātou kia ū ki ngā tūranga hōia me ngā hītori o Te Ope Taua o Aoteareoa hei tāpae atu ki te manawanuitanga pakanga a Aotearoa i te wā o te Pakanga Āwherika Ki Te Tonga i ngā tau1899 - 1902.

Ko Kāpene Louisa Kingi, Haihana A. Calkin, Meiha C. Calkin, Rūtene Kohu Gertrude Waetford (he mokopuna ki a Louisa Kingi), me Bugler M. Kaire Ngā Nēhi Tuāhine Atawhai o Ngāpuhi. Nā te mea he whenua maru nō Piritana ka manawanui te kāwanatanga o Aotearoa ki te tuku ope taua ki Āwherika ki te Tonga ki te whakauruhi i ngā manako o Te Emepaea o Piritana. I te whakaae te marea o Aotearoa ki tēnei pakanga, ā, he maha hoki te hunga i haina ki ngā tūranga hōia ki te whakakī i ngā tūranga.

Nā te mea he wāhine Māori i raro hoki o te ture he pononga Piritana ngā Nēhi Tuāhine engari kīhai rātou i whakaaea ā-whai mana ki te tū hōia. Ki te whakaaea kia uru atu ki Te Ope Taua o Aotearoa ka whakangungua ngā kaitono ki te eke hōiho me te pupuhi, ki te whakapakari tinana e āhei ana mō te tūranga hōia. Ko aua hanganga e mea ana me tāne, me Pākehā.

Heoi anō tērā ētahi wāhine nō Aotearoa nei e pono ana i tō rātou hiahia ki te haere ki te whawhai. I roto i te reta ki te etita o te Evening Star i te marama o Maehe 1902 he tono ki te Pirimia ki a John Ballance kia whakaaea ngā kōtiro o Aotearoa kia whai wāhi atu ai ki te pakanga. Ko te ingoa o te kaihaina i te reta ko Delores i whakaputa i ōna whakaaro,

"Ki taku whakaaro me whakangungu tātou ngā kōtiro ki te pupuhi, ki te eke hōiho i nāia tonu nei, kia kite ai a Rudyard Kipling ka taea e ngā wāhine o tēnei motu pūhou ki te pupuhi me te eke pērā tonu i ngā tāne.."

He mani nēhi, he kaiako ehara i te pupuhi me te eke ngā kōwhiringa mō ngā wāhine i ērā wā. Heoi anō, riro ai i ngā wāhine Pākehā anake ērā tūranga. Anō, he tino uaua ngā heipūtanga mō ngā mahi. He tino mō ngā kaimahi nēhi me 25 ki te 35 te pakeke. kia piki te ora, kia tutuki e toru tau e mahi nēhi ana tāpiri hoki ngā whakangungu, kia whai tiwhikete i te hōhipera kāwanatanga me te tiwhikete pai ki te mahi.

[Tapanga: NGĀ KŌTIRO “Ā TĀTOU TAMA”. Evening Star, Issue 11709, 18 March 1902 Creative Commons New Zealand BY-NC-SA licence.]

Kīhai ēnei tūmomo tohu i wātea ki ngā wāhine Māori. Ahakoa te hāpai a ngā kaihautū pēnei i a Hamiora Hei rāua ko Apirana Ngata kia whakangungua ngā wāhine Māori ki te mahi nēhi, kia whakatūria he karahipi motuhake mō ngā ākonga Māori i ngā kura tuarua, he parenga tönu i reira, ka mutu kīhai tonu ngā hōhipera i whakaae kia uru atu, kia whakangungua ngā wāhine Māori.

Kīhai ngā Tuāhine o Ngāpuhi i tāmate. I heke iho ngā wāhine nei mai i a Hongi Hika rangatira o Ngāpuhi, e ārahitia ana hoki rātou e Kāpene Louisa Kingi he kuikui, he karani, he mātau ki te mahi nēhi me te manaaki i te hunga e pāngia ana e te mate, e taotū ana hoki. Ka whakakanohitia e rātou tō rātou tautoko i Te Emepaea o Piritana mā te whakatū i tō rātou anō ‘ope’ tūao, mau i ngā kākahu hōia, whakamahi i ngā tūnga, whakahaere i ngā whakangungu hōia. Haere ai rātou ki ngā kauhau me ngā whakangungu āwhina tūroro ki te whakatakatū i a rātou me kore ake ka haere ki te mura o te ahi, i tua atu o ērā haere ai rātou ki te kohi pūtea me te āwhina i te hauora o te hapori.

E kīa ana i roto i ngā pepa he toa ngā wāhine nei ki te eke hōiho, ka mutu kua rite kē ki te tiaki i te hunga pāngia e te mate, taotū hoki i runga i te pae o te riri, i roto hoki i ō rātou hapori.

E hiahia ana mātou ki te mōhio atu anō mō ngā Tuāhine o Ngāpuhi me tō rātou whakaaweawe i te hapori. Mehemea e mōhio ana koe ki ētahi atu pārongo, tēnā koa me toha ki te Tuihono Maumaharatanga.

[Te Mātātuhi: He whakaahua o Tā Apirana Ngata. Kīhai e mōhiotia ko wai te kaitango whakaahua, i ngā tau 1900. PH-RES-4922. Tāmaki Paenga Hira. (Ahakoa kāore he manatārua e mōhiotia ana mō tēnei mahi, e tono ana mātou kia whakarangatiratia e koutou. Tēnā koa ka whakapā mai ki a mātou mō the whakaaetanga ki te tārua i tēnei mātātuhi.]

Ki te titiro i ngā rekoata o Ngā Tuāhine Nēhi o Ngāpuhi me ērā atu o ngā tāne me ngā wāhine i tū hōia mō Aotearoa i ngā wā pakanga, ki te kimi rānei i ō hononga, ki te whakatakoto papi, tomo atu ki te Tuihono Maumaharatanga.

Ka taea anō e koe te tomo atu ki te Huarewa Pou Maumahara, tā mātou pokapū huranga hōia. Kei konei ā mātou kaimahi me ā mātou tūao pai ki te manaaki i a koe e whitu rā o te wiki, kei te taumata 2 rātou o te Te Whare Tāonga O Tāmaki Makaurau.

Ngā Pukapuka Rāhui

A NEW IDEA. (22 April 1901). Wairarapa Daily Times, Volume XXVI, (Issue 6834). Retrieved from Papers Past

Coney, S., & Mackenzie, R. (1993). Standing in the sunshine : a history of New Zealand women since they won the vote. Auckland, New Zealand: Viking.

GIRLS AS "OUR BOYS.", (18 March 1902). Evening Star, (Issue 11709). Retrieved from Papers Past.

McNabb, S. (2015). 100 years New Zealand military nursing : New Zealand Army nursing service : Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps, 1915-2015. Hawke's Bay, New Zealand: Author.

'New Zealand's response', URL: https://nzhistory.govt.nz/war/south-african-boer-war/new-zealands-response, (Ministry for Culture and Heritage), updated 6-Mar-2018

Stowers, R. (2009). Rough riders at war : history of New Zealand's involvement in the Anglo-Boer War 1899-1902. Hamilton, New Zealand: Author.

Cite this article

Johnson, Ella, and Warren, Geraldine. 'The Ngāpuhi Nursing Sisters', Auckland War Memorial Museum - Tāmaki Paenga Hira, Published: 30 08 2018.

URL: www.aucklandmuseum.com/discover/stories/blog/2018/the-ngapuhi-nursing-sisters